Internal-combustion engine



G. A SPELTS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 28,1920.

1,372,91 6 Patnted Mar. 29, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET}- pee Jig 3- p27 24 (in? 53 Z 14 UNHTED STATES GEORGE ALLEN SPELT$, OF BANCBOFT, NEBRASKA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

teasers.

Application filed July 28, 1920.

To all w from it may concern.

Be it known that I, Gnonen ALLEN SrnL'rs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bancroft, in the county of Cuming and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and more particularly to improvements in the construction of the cylinder heads and combustion chambers thereof.

An important object of the invention is to provide means whereby the blowing of gaskets supplied intermediate the upper end of the cylinder and the cylinder head and intermediate the cylinder head proper and detachable combustion chambers such as utilized in the semi-Diesel type engine is practically entirely eliminated. To those familiar with the art, it is well known that in high combustion engines such as the type particularized above are dependent upon the pressure formed in their cylinders for the ignition of the explosive charge, the pressure generated is extremely high and accordingly the heat of the explosion is excessive. In smaller types of pressure ignition internal combustion engines of that type designated, or semi-Diesel, a detachable combustion chamber is generally employed which communicates with the cylinder through an opening formed of the cylinder head. As the space which may be used for water jacket in both detachable combustion chambers and cylinder heads is very small, these portions, due to the excessive heat to which they are subjected and due likewise to the pressure, often become warped permitting explosive pressure to act upon the gaskets and accordingly it becomes extremely difficult to maintain a gasket in position intermediate these portions' The gaskets are furthermore subjected to the pressure of the circulation water and between the two pres sures are often blown, permitting leakage of pressure from the cylinder, which in engines of this type renders the cylinder inoperatlve.

In order to prevent pressure from the cylinder being brought in its entirety to play upon the surface of the gasket I have provided upon both the usual cylinder heads and detachable combustion chambers down- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 29, 1921.

Serial No. 399,477.

wardly projecting portions which closely engage the surfaces of the portions into which they project and which are provided with metallic packing rings which cut off the major portion of the expansion from the gasket and thereby materially reduce the danger of the gasket being blown.

In the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein like reference characters designate like parts throughout:

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of the upper end portion of a cylinder provided with a cylinder head and pressure combustion chamber constructed in accordance with my invention.

Flg. 2 is a side elevation partly in section thereof.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken through the pressure chamber detached.

Fig. 4 IS a sectional view taken through the head; and

Fig. 5 is a sectional view through the upper end of the cylinder.

The numeral 10 indicates the cylinder of a semi-Diesel type engine which is, as is cus tomary, provided with double walls affording therebetween a water circulation space 11, the upper end thereof being closed by a transverse wall 13 provided with openings 14: through which the circulation water may find egress.

Upon the upper surface of the wall 12 is mounted the usual gasket 15, which is pro vidcd with openings 16 adapted to aline with the openings formed in the wall 12. A head 17 is provlded having the usual water jacket space 18, which communicates with the alined openings of the wall 12 and gasket 15 through means of openings 19. This head is secured to the upper end of the cylinder in any desired manner, preferably by means of bolts 20.

The head 17 is provided with a clownwardly projecting portion 22 preferably provided with a water circulation space 23 in communication with the water circulation space 17 of the head proper. This downwardly projecting portion 22 closely fits the interior of the cylinder 10 and is provided in its peripheral face with a groove or grooves 24- adapted for the reception of a metallic packing ring 25 of the expansible type. It is to be noted that the ring 25 being of a proper diameter to expansively fit the interior of the cylinder 10 will be of the same size as the rings utilized in the pistons and will not, accordingly, necessitate the special construction of a particular piston ring.

A detachable combustion chamber 26 is provided embodying spaced walls affording a water chamber 27. This combustion chamber is bolted upon a cylinder head 17 as at 28. The head 17 is provided in its upperv surface with upwardly directing openings 27 in communication with the water circulation space 18 thereof. The combustion chamber 26 is provided with openings 30 adapted to aline with the opening 29 and intermediate the combustion chamber 26 and the upper surface of the head 12 is interposed a gasket 31 having an opening 32 alined with the openings 29 and 30 of the head and combustion chamber.

The cylinder head 17 is provided with a vertical opening 33 communicating with the interior of the combustion chamber. In accordance with my invention 1 provide the combustion chamber 26 with a downwardly projecting portion 24 snugly fitting the interior of the opening 33, which downwardly projecting portion is hollow in order that communication may still be had between the cylinder 10 and the combustion chamber 26. This downwardly projecting portion is provided in its upper face with a groove 35 l adapted for the receptionof metallic packson of the ease with which it may be manufactured and assembled and by reason of its efficiency in preventing the destruction of gaskets is particularly adapted for use and it will likewise be seen that some changes ofthe specific structure thereof may be had without departing from the spirit of my invention. accordingly do not limit myself to the particular construction hereinwith a water circulation space, openings formed in said head adapted to co-a-ct with the egress openings of the water space of said cylinder, a gasket disposed intermediate said head and said transverse walls and likewise provided with openings alined with said egress openings, an extension formed on the inner'face of said head extending into and conforming to the shape of said cylinder, a water circulation space formed in said extension communicating with the water circulation space of the head, said extension being provided in its outer face with an annular groove and a metallic packing ring disposed within said groove.

2. The combination with a cylinder and a head therefor embodying spaced walls affording a water jacket and provided with a circular opening communicating with the interior of the cylinder, said head having openings formed in the outer wall thereof in communication with said water jacket, of a removable combustion chamber secured to said head embodying a water jacket and having openings formed in its wall coacting with the opening of said head, a gasket disposed intermediate said head and combustion chamber and having openings formed therein alined with the opening of said head and combustion chamber, said combustion chamber likewise embodying a hollow extension extending into the opening of said head, annular grooves formed insaid extension, and an expansible packing ring disposed within said grooves and engaging the walls of the opening in said head.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

GEORGE ALLEN SPELTS. 

